摘要：<span style="font-family:宋體;">西安不銹鋼薄板焊接變形的控制辦法</span> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼在我國的使用量正逐年增加</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼的使用量由</span><span>1988</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">年的</span><span>30</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">萬噸增加到</span><span>2000</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">年的</span><span>165</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">萬噸</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">年增長率為</span><span>15.26%</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">。而在不銹鋼的使用中以薄板為主</span><span>,2000</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">年薄板的消費量為</span><span>91</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">萬噸</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">占到使用總量的一半。而且薄壁不銹鋼板也已經應用到國民生產和生活的各個領域</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">如</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">食品加工行業</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">主要制造食品加工機械</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">壓力容器行業</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">主要是機電和化工部門</span><span>;</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">電力工業。另外還有一些其它行業</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">廚房設備、建筑裝潢、家用電器和汽車行業等。<span style="font-family:宋體;">西安不銹鋼薄板焊接變形的控制辦法，</span>在這些行業中</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼的焊接是產品生產的一個重要工序</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">焊接質量的好壞直接決定產品的質量。本文主要闡明如何從控制焊接變形以及控制焊接成本來從優選取薄壁不銹鋼板焊接工藝及方法。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>1</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">、</span> 西安<span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼薄板的焊接性分析:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼薄板的焊接由于其自身拘束度小、導熱系數小</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">約為普低鋼的</span><span>1/3),</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">線膨脹系數較大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">當焊接溫度變化較快時</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">則產生的熱應力大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">很容易出現燒穿和焊接變形</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">大多為波浪變形</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">等缺陷。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>2</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">、焊接熔池受力狀:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔池主要受到的作用力有</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">電弧作用力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔池金屬重力</span><span>Q;</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔池金屬表面張力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">。<span style="font-family:宋體;">西安不銹鋼薄板焊接變形的控制辦法，</span>當熔池金屬體積、質量、熔寬一定時</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔池深度取決于電弧力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">的大小</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔深和電弧力又與焊接電相關</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔寬則由電弧電壓決定。隨著熔池體積的增大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">表面張力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">也隨著增大</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">表面張力不能平衡電弧作用力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">和熔池金屬重力</span><span>Q,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">此時</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">熔池金屬會下流</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">造成熔池燒穿。電弧作用力</span><span>P</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">和熔池金屬重力</span><span>Q</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">是使熔池燒穿的力</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">表面張力</span><span>F</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">是阻止熔池下塌或燒穿的力。為使薄板焊接不致于燒穿</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">必須想辦法提高金屬熔池的表面張力</span><span>F,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">要提高表面張力</span><span>F,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">須控制熔池的熱輸入</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">即線能量。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>3</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">、</span> <span style="font-family:宋體;">焊接工件的變形:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼薄板拘束度較小</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">在焊接過程中受到局部加熱、冷卻作用</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">形成了不均勻的加熱、冷卻</span><span>,<span style="font-family:宋體;">西安不銹鋼薄板焊接變形的控制辦法，</span></span><span style="font-family:宋體;">焊件會產生不均勻的應力和應變</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">焊縫的縱向縮短對薄板邊緣的壓力超過一定值時</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">即會產生較嚴重的波浪式變形</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">影響工件的外形質量。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>4</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">、解決西安不銹鋼薄板焊接時產生的過燒、燒穿、變形、變色的主要措施有</span><span>:</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(1)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">嚴格控制焊接接頭上的熱輸入量</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">選擇合適的焊接方法和工藝參數</span><span>(</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">主要有焊接電流、電弧電壓、焊接速度</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(2)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">裝配尺寸力求**</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">接口間隙盡量小。間隙稍大容易燒穿</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">或形成較大的焊瘤。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>(3)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">必須采用精裝夾具</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">夾緊力平衡均勻。焊接不銹鋼薄板關鍵要注意</span><span>:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">嚴格控制焊接接頭上的線能量</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">力求在能完成焊接的前提下盡量減小熱量輸入</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">從而減小熱影響區</span><span>,</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">避免上述缺陷的出現。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span>5</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">、不銹鋼薄壁焊機:</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">輸出電壓低</span><span>(5-20</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">伏</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">屬于阻焊電源</span><span>;(</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">舉例氬弧焊輸出電壓約</span><span>75</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">付左右</span><span>)</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">不銹鋼薄壁焊機是電阻焊的范圍，特點是焊接時，可以根據板材厚度選擇合適的電流和脈沖時間，精準的控制受熱溫度。<span style="font-family:宋體;">西安不銹鋼薄板焊接變形的控制辦法，</span>并且瞬間出弧瞬間熔化工件的。因而溫度不高，不會做成被焊工件的過熱或變形。&nbsp; </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋體;">公司至成立以來，以“誠信、合作、雙贏、發展”為經營宗旨，堅持“價格**、用戶、信譽”的營銷理念，在市場上獲得了良好的口碑。</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋體;"></span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="font-family:宋體;"></span><span>029</span><span style="font-family:宋體;">—</span><span>88633755</span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋體;">詳情參考：</span><span><a href="http://www.jshnsteel.com/">http://www.jshnsteel.com</a></span> </p> </span> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋體;"></span>&nbsp; </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span></span> </p>